Existential questions are an inevitable part of being human. We all face moments where we ask ourselves deep questions about life’s purpose, our place in the world, and what gives our existence meaning. These inquiries can feel daunting, even overwhelming. Yet, they also offer a remarkable opportunity for growth, transformation, and fulfillment. By turning to positive psychology, we can find constructive ways to explore these profound questions, opening up possibilities for a purposeful and meaningful life.
Addressing life's existential questions with a positive lens
A field dedicated to understanding what makes life worth living, positive psychology emphasizes well-being, strengths, and purpose. Rather than focusing solely on the avoidance of pain, it shifts the narrative to how we can build a thriving and fulfilling life. Through tools and exercises rooted in this science, it is possible to make sense of our existential dilemmas and develop a life that reflects our true selves.
What are existential questions?
The philosophical phenomenon of existentialism, pioneered by philosophers of the existential movement, embodies a range of theories examining the individual human experience along with the meaning (or lack thereof) of existence.
Existential questions, then, are those that strike at the heart of our existence, broadly asking, “Why am I here?” They often revolve around topics like the meaning of life, our mortality, and our purpose. These questions can be uncomfortable, but they are also an essential part of being human, leading us to evaluate who we are and what we want our lives to represent.
What is positive psychology?
Positive psychology is a branch of psychology that focuses on the factors that contribute to human flourishing. Unlike traditional psychology, which often zeroes in on mental illness and deficits, existential positive psychology aims to understand what makes life worth living. It encourages individuals to focus on strengths, cultivate positive emotions, build meaningful relationships, and lead a purposeful life. When applied to existential questions, positive psychology helps us embrace these challenging inquiries in a way that fosters growth, resilience, and fulfillment.
Existential questions: a natural part of the human experience
Having existential questions arise is (and has long been) a universal experience.
Common existential questions
Almost everyone, at some point, wrestles with questions like:
- What is the point of my life?
- How do I find meaning in what I do?
- What legacy will I leave behind?
- Am I living authentically?
Such questions often arise during times of change or crisis: graduating from school, changing careers, facing illness, or losing a loved one. Though daunting, these questions are a natural part of our psychological landscape, urging us to dig deeper into our true selves.
Existential anxiety vs. positive growth
Existential questions may bring with them a sense of existential anxiety—an uncomfortable feeling stemming from our awareness of life's uncertainties. While this anxiety can be distressing, it also has the potential to be a powerful motivator for positive growth. Embracing existential anxiety instead of avoiding it can help us transform these feelings into a drive to live more authentically and purposefully.
Opportunities for self-discovery
Facing existential questions can open the door to significant self-discovery. When we actively engage with our doubts and fears, we learn more about what truly matters to us. These questions prompt us to reassess our values, passions, and goals, ultimately helping pave a more intentional path forward. Approaching existential questions with curiosity rather than fear allows us the space to grow and evolve.
Purpose-driven living: why finding meaning is essential
Living with a sense of purpose holds a range of profound implications for humans.
Mental well-being
In terms of mental wellness, research suggests that individuals who have a clear sense of purpose are less likely to experience symptoms of anxiety and depression. A purpose-driven life gives us direction and helps us navigate challenges with resilience and focus. With a reason to get out of bed in the morning, we are better equipped to handle the ups and downs of daily life.
Benefits of having a sense of purpose
Studies have consistently shown that having a sense of purpose is linked to numerous physical and mental health benefits. According to research published in the Psychological Science Journal, individuals with a strong sense of purpose tend to live longer, experience fewer chronic health conditions, and report higher levels of life satisfaction. Additionally, a sense of purpose helps to buffer against the negative effects of stress, enabling us to cope more effectively with life's difficulties.
Impact of identifying one’s purpose
Identifying one's purpose can be a transformative experience. It allows us to align our daily actions with what truly matters to us, leading to greater fulfillment. When we are connected to our purpose, even mundane tasks can take on a new sense of meaning. This alignment creates a ripple effect: As we live more purposefully, we inspire those around us to do the same, contributing to a more positive and connected community.
Tools to explore purpose and meaning
Below are several lenses through which to seek and establish a stronger life purpose.
Self-reflection exercises
Self-reflection is a powerful tool for discovering purpose. Setting aside time to ask yourself meaningful questions can provide valuable insights into what drives you and allow you to begin uncovering patterns that point toward your deeper purpose.
Consider journaling about questions like:
- When do I feel most alive?
- What are the values that I want to embody in my daily life?
- What activities make me lose track of time?
Those struggling to synthesize their meanings for existence alone may also seek professional help through counseling or therapy. A well-trained professional you trust can prompt you through some of these reflection questions to dig deeper and help you reckon with your sense of self. Some existential themes in therapy include topics surrounding death, isolation, freedom, responsibility, and meaning or meaninglessness.
Visualization
Visualization is another effective exercise for exploring purpose. Imagine yourself five or 10 years from now living a life that feels fulfilling. What does that look like? What are you doing, and who are you surrounded by? In contrast, what does an undesirable future look like? Visualization helps you tap into your inner desires and dreams, offering clarity on the kind of life you want to create. It can also motivate you to take actionable steps toward making that vision a reality.
Gratitude practice
In addition, gratitude can play a role in uncovering purpose. Through regular reflection regarding the people, experiences, and things for which you are grateful, you begin to notice what truly brings you joy and fulfillment. Gratitude shifts your focus away from what is lacking and toward what is abundant in your life, helping identify areas where you can find meaning. Practicing gratitude fosters a positive mindset, thereby making it easier to connect with your purpose.
Aligning actions with personal values
Core personal values create a sense of purpose
Identifying and understanding your core values is crucial in creating a meaningful life. These are the guiding principles that shape our decisions and actions. When we live in alignment with our values, we naturally feel a greater sense of purpose. Whether it's compassion, creativity, integrity, or adventure, knowing your values helps you make choices that are consistent with who you are at your core.
Identifying core values
To identify your core values, consider the moments in your life when you felt most fulfilled. What qualities were present in those moments? You can also think about the times when you felt frustrated or unfulfilled; these experiences often point to values that were being violated. There are various tools and exercises available, too (such as value card sorting) that can help you pinpoint what matters most to you.
Make small, intentional changes
Once you have identified your core values, the next step is to align your actions with those values. This doesn’t require dramatic changes—oftentimes, small, intentional adjustments can have a profound impact. For example, if one of your core values is community, you might decide to spend more time volunteering or connecting with neighbors. These small shifts help ensure that your daily actions are aligned with what truly matters to you, creating a more purposeful life.
Finding purpose in connection with others
A sense of connectedness and community belonging is closely tied to one’s happiness and, in turn, feeling at peace with one’s sense of purpose.
Meaningful relationships
Human beings are inherently social creatures. Thus, our relationships play a significant role in our sense of purpose. Meaningful connections with others can provide us with a profound sense of belonging and help us feel that our lives matter. Taking time to nurture relationships—no matter if with family, friends, peers, or romantic partners—can be a powerful source of purpose and fulfillment. It is through these connections that we often find opportunities to contribute, support, and grow.
The role of community
In addition to individual relationships, being part of a larger community can nurture a sense of purpose. From religious groups to local clubs to advocacy organizations, communities give us a chance to contribute to something bigger than ourselves. Engaging in community activities can help us feel connected, valued, and purposeful. They allow us to share our talents and passions with others in a way that supports a sense of collective meaning.
Mentorship
Mentorship can be another powerful way to find purpose. As a mentor, you have the opportunity to share your knowledge, skills, and experiences to help someone else grow. This act of giving can be incredibly fulfilling and can reinforce your own sense of purpose. As a mentee, seeking guidance from someone you admire can help you navigate your path more effectively and connect you with a deeper sense of direction.
Explore purpose with applied positive psychology
Exploring life's existential questions doesn’t have to be a daunting task. Approaching these questions with a positive mindset plus leveraging the tools of positive psychology can transform uncertainty into an opportunity for growth and fulfillment. Purpose is not something we find overnight; it’s a journey that evolves over time. By reflecting on our values, aligning our actions, and connecting with others, we can create a life that feels meaningful and rich with purpose.
Do you wish to delve further into the realm of positive psychology? Penn LPS Online is proud to offer an Certificate in Applied Positive Psychology featuring courses that detail the theoretical foundations of human well-being and flourishing. With an asynchronous and 100% online learning experience, this certificate program also offers flexibility around your schedule.
Ready to get started? If you haven’t already, apply to Penn LPS Online today. You can view our course guide to learn more about what’s available in any upcoming term.
